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The physicists found a second version of it. And then a third. Soon they had found five different string theories. That wasn’t single and it didn’t sound very definitive. String theory had begun to unravel. It seemed as if the dream of a theory of everything was as far away as ever. But just as the scientists were about to give up hope, a new and startling discovery would be made. This would inspire them to begin their quest again and force them at last to confront their least popular idea: parallel universes. Horizon: Parallel Universe, BBC 2001
Super-Gravity: String Theory had displaced it. ibid.
Super-Gravity though had been convinced there were exactly eleven dimensions. ibid.
String Theory was in trouble. Its five different versions meant it couldn’t be the all-embracing theory Physics was looking for. Everything it seemed had been tried to save String Theory. Well, almost everything. In a final desperate move, the String Theorists tried adding one last thing to their cherished idea: they added the very thing they had spent a decade rubbishing – the 11th dimension. ibid.
The tiny invisible strings of String Theory were supposed to be the fundamental building blocks of all the matter in the universe. But now with the addition of the eleventh dimension they changed: they stretched and they combined. The astonishing conclusion was that all the matter in the universe was connected to one vast structure: a membrane. In effect our entire universe is an M-brane. ibid.
When M Theory emerged, [Lisa] Randall and her colleagues wondered if it might provide the explanation – could gravity be leaking from our universe into the empty space of the eleventh dimension? Randall tried to calculate how gravity could leak from our M-brane universe into empty space. But she couldn’t make it work. Then she heard the theory that there might be another membrane in the eleventh dimension. Now she had a really strange thought: what if gravity wasn’t leaking from our universe but to it? What if it came from that other universe? ibid.
And that’s why we haven’t met any time travellers –
they’ve gone to one of the many parallel universes. Horizon: The Time Lords, BBC 1996
Guth thinks our universe is part of a bigger structure; we’re in a small piece of it. A bubble created by Inflation. It could mean that Dark Flow is evidence our universe is not alone. Horizon: Is Everything We Know About the Universe Wrong? BBC 2010
Eternal Inflation ... An infinite number of infinite universes. Horizon: How Big is the Universe? BBC 2012
Single photons ... What you get is something completely different: even though only single photons of light are being fired through the slits they don’t create two lines, they mysteriously create three. Horizon: What is Reality? 2011
If you put detectors by the slits, the mysterious behaviour stops. The photons behave just like bullets. Take the detectors away – the multiple stripes mysteriously re-appear. So what is going on? Rather astonishingly it seems we can change the way reality behaves just by looking at it. But this means reality has a secret life of its own. ibid.
According to this theory the photon of light faces two slits; it doesn’t split in two – it splits the world in two. Every photon in the double slit experiment creates a new parallel world. ibid.
There’s an idea once thought so radical that just mentioning it was considered pure insanity ... They think that our universe is not alone. Horizon: Which Universe Are We In? BBC 2015
Which one are we living in? ibid.
This is eternal inflation. ibid.
How does a universe actually work? ibid.
Quantum Physics: ‘In the mid-twentieth century Hugh Everett came up with what he originally called the Many Worlds Theory of Quantum Mechanics.’ ibid.
Professor Laura Mersini-Houghton has a radically new vision of the multiverse ... She combined the physics of string theory with those of quantum mechanics. ibid.
All of Laura’s predictions have since been observed, including this cold spot she claims is the trace of another universe once entangled with our own. It’s a discovery beyond anything she dared hope for. ibid.
Finally, from what we now know about the cosmos, to think that all this was created for just one species among the tens of millions of species who live on one planet circling one of a couple of hundred billion stars that are located in one galaxy among hundreds of billions of galaxies, all of which are in one universe among perhaps an infinite number of universes all nestled within a grand cosmic multiverse, is provincially insular and anthropocentrically blinkered. Which is more likely? That the universe was designed just for us, or that we see the universe as having been designed just for us? Michael Shermer, Why Darwin Matters: The Case Against Intelligent Design
While the Copernican principle comes with no guarantees that it will forever guide us to cosmic truths, it’s worked quite well so far: not only is Earth not in the center of the solar system, but the solar system is not in the center of the Milky Way galaxy, the Milky Way galaxy is not in the center of the universe, and it may come to pass that our universe is just one of many that comprise a multiverse. And in case you’re one of those people who thinks that the edge may be a special place, we are not at the edge of anything either. Neil deGrasse Tyson
They understand death, they stand there in the church under the skies that have a beginningless past and go into the never-ending future, waiting themselves for death, at the foot of the dead, in a holy temple. – I get a vision of myself and the two little boys hung up in a great endless universe with nothing overhead and nothing under but the Infinite Nothingness, the Enormousness of it, the dead without number in all directions of existence whether inward into the atom-worlds of your own body or outward to the universe which may only be one atom in an infinity of atom-worlds and each atom-world only a figure of speech – inward, outward, up and down, nothing but emptiness and divine majesty and silence for the two little boys and me. Jack Kerouac, Lonesome Traveler
Another possibility is that our Big Bang is just one of many Big Bangs. But it may be just one of an infinite number of universes. Professor Lawrence Krauss, theoretical physicist
Many quantum scientists believe there are an incalculable number of parallel universes. Morgan’s Freeman’s Through the Wormhole s1e3: Is Time Travel Possible? Science 2010
In 2001 two of the leading cosmologists in the world published a paper suggesting an even more radical approach ... Our universe may not be the only one. Through the Wormhole with Morgan Freeman s1e4: What Happened Before the Beginning?
String Theory was developed in the last thirty-five years. ibid.
The incredibly strange world of eleven-dimensional space. ibid.
Out of String theory comes M theory. ibid.
When one studies the properties of atoms, one found that the reality is far stranger than anybody would have invented in the form of fiction. Atoms really do have the possibility of in some sense being in more than one place at one time. Professor Alan Guth, MIT
I think there’s a good chance the multiverse is real, and that a hundred years from now, people might be convinced it’s real. Professor Alan Guth
So an atom and its electron are multivariable objects. Professor David Deutsch, Oxford University
The result of the single photon interference experiment is the strangest thing I know. It is conclusive evidence that reality does not consist of just a single universe. Because that result couldn’t have come about unless there were another nearby universe interfering with ours. Professor David Deutsch
We used to say universe. Uni meaning one. A one-world theory. Everything there is, we can see, is the universe. But now we have a multiverse idea where there are unseen worlds. Worlds that we cannot see, worlds that we cannot touch. Professor Michio Kaku, author Physics of the Impossible
Technologies that may be realized in centuries or millennium include: warp drive, traveling faster than the speed of light, parallel universes; are there other parallel dimensions and parallel realities? Professor Michio Kaku
We are experiencing an existential shock. Our world view has been shattered with the realisation that, yes, there could be parallel universes ... Satellite data indicates there could be parallel universes ... New theories called String Theories are giving us worlds of higher dimensions; quantum physics at the microscopic scale is also revealing to us there could be parallel universes ... The implications are staggering. Professor Micho Kaku
Why look for these parallel universes we can’t touch? Because they hold the secret of secrets. They hold the secret of the origin of everything there is. For the first time we can imagine where our universe itself came from. Perhaps when our universe popped into existence, colliding with another parallel universe, perhaps budding from another universe, these are the stuff of modern research today – pre-big-bang physics. Professor Michio Kaku