The central bank is nationalized as are railways, gas, telephones. ibid.
Oligarchic economic power remained the same. The old regime’s institutions were not substantially modified. ibid.
In 1955 the National Front finally divided itself completely. The church, some sections of the army, and the whole of the bourgeoisie surrendered to the oligarchy and became an enemy of the revolution. ibid.
Peron resigned the presidency. The people took to the streets again. ibid.
Peron was isolated by a servile bureaucracy. ibid.
The army removed Peron from power … Peronism went down without a fight. ibid.
The Congress will be dissolved. Peronism will be persecuted and there will be a ban. ibid.
150,000 trade union leaders will be suspended. Tens of thousands will be arrested. ibid.
At the time of Peron’s fall there was no national debt. 10 years later the national debt reached 6 billion dollars. The IMF will start to influence national economic policy. The economy will start a de-nationalization process … the violent decade was about the start. ibid.
September 1955: We moved towards the bridge and started to shout, ‘Mayo Square! Mayo Square!’ As if we wanted to revive 17th October 1945. And we arrived at the bridge but the army was already there. On seeing the soldiers the people stopped. And the army began to shoot. ibid. textiles trade unionist
Often we even organised the resistance while in prison. ibid. trade unionist
After the 1955 coup d’etat the country seems to have been occupied by an invading army. ibid.
In the underground the proletariat organise the first few strikes … many national militants were shot. ibid.
The promotion of private free enterprise, and an open door for foreign capital, privatization of national enterprises, liquidation and removal of small industry, subjection to the International Monetary Fund, and a repression of the people. ibid.
In 1959 the fight for popular power became extremely violent. ibid.
The most important of these demonstrations – the occupation of the factories. ibid.
‘The shooting began at midnight and everyone ran towards their homes. People began hollering, children began crying.’ The Panama Deception, woman, 1992
‘If I had to do it again I would do it again. Because the cost was high. I was men, women, civilians and military that gave their lives, not for us, they gave their lives for democracy, for liberty, for freedom. And I don’t mind paying any price under the sun to be free.’ ibid. Guillermo Ford, vice-president of Panama
On December 19th 1989 while the Panamanians were getting ready for the Christmas holidays, the United States were secretly mobilising twenty-six thousand troops for a midnight attack. ibid.
‘The sky was completely red and there was a tremoring you could feel throughout the city.’ ibid. woman
The invasion was swift, intense and merciless … Three days of brutal violence. ibid.
The performance of the mainstream news media in the coverage of Panama has been just about total collaboration with the administration, not a critical murmur, not a critical perspective, not a second thought.’ ibid. Professor Michael Parenti
Waiting in the wings for his chance to take power was Colonel Manuel Noriega, the CIA’s primary contact in Panama … He had been on the CIA payroll since the ’60s. ibid.
Working with the CIA and with Israeli arms dealers Noriega helped co-ordinate an arms supply network to supply weapons to Contra bases in northern Costa Rica. ibid.
It was the first time a foreign head of state had been indicted in the United States. ibid.
‘They [US soldiers] would throw a small device into a house … They would burn a house then move to another … They coordinated the burning through walkie-talkies.’ ibid. victim
The Pentagon used Panama as a testing ground for new developed high-tech weapons such as the Stealth Fighter, the Apache helicopter and laser-guided missiles. ibid.
During the week of the invasion more than 18,000 who fled from the areas of attack were forced into temporary detention centres created by the US forces. ibid.
‘Yes, it’s been worth it.’ ibid. President Bush
In the months following the invasion Panamanians were shocked to discover the existence of mass graves where hundreds perhaps thousands of bodies were hastily dumped into pits and buried by US troops. ibid.
The new government has enjoyed little popular support within Panama. ibid.
‘Today democracy is restored; Panama is free.’ ibid.
Kabul, Afghanistan … a city of 3 million … This is a story about the seen and the unseen and things hidden in plain sight … I’d been working as a war reporter for more than a decade. Dirty Wars: The World is a Battlefield, 2013
We were told that the battle for hearts and minds was being won. ibid.
‘This is the third raid in my district. 13 or 14 people have been killed in all. They were innocent people.’ ibid. local rozzer
‘We would rather die than sit back and do nothing.’ ibid. Afghani
‘The Americans used knives to dig the bullets out of their bodies.’ ibid.
Congress wasn’t going to investigate. ibid.
In the last three months there have been 1,700 night raids in Afghanistan … but not a single name. ibid.
I’d worked in Baghdad for years and had written countless stories there. Many from the front lines of the war … But I’d never heard of JSOC. I’d missed the most important story. In Iraq the US had fundamentally changed the way it fought war. The real story – JSOC – was hidden in the shadows, out of sight. ibid.
JSOC could now hit at will in countries beyond JSOC and Afghanistan. ibid.
In December 2009, 5 strikes with over 150 casualties in a country without a declared war: Yemen. ibid.
It was clearly a cruise missile that struck the Bedouin camp. ibid.
Awlaki began to see the expanding wars as part of a global attack against Islam. And his sermons reflected a growing anger. After 9/11 Awlaki was put under surveillance … He was locked up for a year and a half without charge and spent seventeen months in solitary confinement. When he was finally released Awlaki was a changed man. And after JSOC tried to kill him his transformation was complete. ibid.
The War on Terror was producing new enemies wherever it struck. How does a war like that ever end? ibid.
By Afghanistan there were thousands – but now the list itself was changing. Signature strikes, TADS, crowd killing … the global War on Terror was spinning out of control … Algeria, Indonesia, Thailand, Panama, Jordan – the world was now a battlefield. ibid.
For over a decade JSOC and the CIA had free reign in Somalia. All their tactics were on display: drone strikes, night raids, mercenaries. As the War on Terror entered a second decade Somalia seemed like a laboratory of the future. And the future looked bleak. ibid.
A showdown with Britain that begins over a pig; an all-out war waged in Korea but not in 1950; a little known US invasion of Russia; and controversial interventions in Central America and the Caribbean. In Search of History s4e1: America’s Forgotten Wars, History 1999
1859: In the Pacific north-west a handful of angry farmers on tiny San Juan island are about to plunge the United States into a war against Great Britain: they’re not quarrelling over the issue of slavery or states’ rights, believe it or not they’re fighting over a dead pig. ibid.
The United States is invading Korea; as US sailors and marines approach the shore and attempt a daring assault landing, Korean guns open fire and blast the American force. But this is not the Korean war of the 1950s; the year is 1871. ibid.
America’s involvement in the complex and confusing Russian revolution in 1918 … Surprisingly, American soldiers would spend more time in combat than any American unit did in France during World War I. ibid.
A decade after the [Panama] canal is completed the interventions begin when the marines arrive in Nicaragua in 1914. ibid.
Now we are playing on the whole billiard table. Coups R Us, RT 2018, Stephen Kinzer
Libya 2011 Muammar Gaddafi killing; Guatemala 1954 Arbenz’s overthrow; Hawaii 1893 Lili’uokalani’s overthrow … ibid. captions
You have to make the person look evil. ibid. Kinzer
We sell the intervention as humanitarian intervention. ibid.
After September 11th I wondered if our national interest conflicts with the interests of others. What’s driven our national interest? In a globalised world is putting national interest over a broader human interest actually in our interest? And do the government and media tell us the realities of US foreign policy? In Whose Interest? 2002
The United States has had its hand in a lot of places since World War II … In whose interest were these interventions? ibid.
After years of conflict in the Middle East and Afghanistan, Americans might have expected that some of their country’s huge defence budget would be diverted to more pressing domestic concerns. But with US strategic priorities now switching to the Asia/Pacific region, will America’s top generals ever allow their spending to be cut? American War Games, Al Jazzera 2008
The Pentagon gets weapons, defense companies get profits, and politicians get re-elected by funding armaments that generate jobs for constituents. ibid.
There are also hundreds of lobbyists for the defense industry who work for Congressional committees and federal agencies. ibid.
John Bolton states regime change in Venezuela is about the country’s oil. ‘It will make a big difference to the United States economically if we could have American oil companies invest in and produce oil capabilities in Venezuela. Iraqi Christian HRC online, Bolton statement Fox News
Cuba has always been fighting for its freedom. The Cuba Libre Story s1e1: Breaking Chains, dude, Netflix 2016
100,000 died, and even though we lost the war, the country had changed. ibid. historian
Meyer Lansky had thoroughly corrupted [Fulgencio] Batista. ibid. dude