There were now perhaps 20,000 men from the Caribbean, the Middle East and Asia here. ibid.
The [South Shields] riots spread to Cardiff, another port city that had changed ... White men threw insults and then stones. ibid.
Something like 15,000 people were involved in the riots in 1919. ibid.
31,401. Ever since the 1919 riots Stanley like all foreign seamen had had to register with the police and carry an ID card bearing a photograph. Even Emily was not immune from this humiliation. An earlier nationality law had a rather vicious sting in its tail: every inch an Englishwoman, once she married Stanley she lost her British nationality. ibid.
The law was applied differently around the country. ibid.
In London’s docklands home to 700 Chinese people intolerance coupled with ignorance made for some dark myths about the community. ibid.
Eugenics saw itself as a new science for human advancement. ibid.
The unfortunate mixed-race children of Liverpool would be the first guinea pigs on which the theory would be tested. ibid.
On 19th May 1930 on this very stage Paul Robeson, the African-American singer and actor, came to play Othello here in Britain. ibid.
Many of them had been born and bred in Cardiff but were still treated as foreigners. ibid.
Tiger Bay was home to many different races. ibid.
These couples were making it up as they went along sharing some customs and quietly ignoring those that didn’t work for them. ibid.
In 1929 James Wilson started to call openly for a new form of social control, anti-Miscegenation laws similar to those which had been introduced in South Africa. ibid.
In his book English Journey Priestley is clearly moved by what he found in the mixed race community in Liverpool. His writing helped to create a new vision of Englishness. ibid.
Our dalliance with fake science was suddenly over. ibid.
Some white women, perhaps only a handful at first, allowed their hearts to rule their heads and in so doing felt the full wroth of so-called respectable society ... Imagine how brave they had to be. ibid.
Heroic pioneers of mixed-race Britain. ibid.
In Australia the state had recently begun a policy of removing so-called half-castes from their parents to imbue them with European values and ‘breed out their colour’. ibid.
Like so many other mixed race war babies Tony was put into care by his unmarried mother. George Alagiah, Mixed Britannia 2/3: 1940-1965
The Second World War turned lives upside down. People from different races worked together and played together. ibid.
Mass immigration meant Britain would never look the same again. ibid.
Dr Harold Moody – a Jamaican born GP who’d married a white English nurse Olive in 1913. In 1931 he’d set up the League of Coloured Peoples – Britain’s first black pressure group. ibid.
Jake [Jacobs] was one of more than six thousand black servicemen from the colonies who came here. They were here to help in the war effort, but they did so much more. ibid.
About a thousand mixed-race babies were now fatherless ... A shocking number ended up in care. ibid.
Harold Moody argued that the children should be treated as war casualties whose care should be jointly funded by the British and American governments. ibid.
Liverpool in the summer of 1946 ... In a number of dawn raids police descended on the area – their mission to round up any Chinese seamen they could find ... A boat was ready and waiting for their journey to China. ibid.
One thousand three hundred and sixty-two Chinese men were forced to leave. Of those some three hundred were married. Somewhere between five hundred and a thousand children were left fatherless. ibid.
Peggy Cripps’ groom was not some British toff – he was Joe Appiah, a Ghanaian chieftain’s son. ibid.
Pathé News was on hand to reflect just how fundamentally British families were changing. ibid.
Mixed race relationships had become an issue of national debate. ibid.
Vicious nigger hunts by white teddy boys. ibid.
Actor Earl Cameron was himself in a mixed race marriage when he appeared in Flame in the Streets. ibid.
Emergency Ward 10 [mixed race kiss] proved right on the button. ibid.
As well as West Indians and Africans over 100,000 Indians and Pakistanis had entered the country. ibid.
The NHS was a magnet for people of all nationalities. ibid.
By 1968 there were two Race Relations Acts which outlawed discrimination in jobs and housing. ibid.
Britain today has one of the most ethnically diverse populations in Europe. George Alagiah, Mixed Britannia 3/3: 1965-2011
Between 1962 and 1971 there had been a succession of Immigration Acts. By that time the number of south Asians stood at almost half a million. ibid.
There were many more mixed race children than you’d expect. ibid.
By the early 1980s there was a hot debate about trans-racial adoption. ibid.
Should mixed race children be defined by their colour or by their need? ibid.
The story of the De Souza adoption process soon broke national causing outrage in the media. ibid.
In fifty years’ time White Britons will be a minority. This is Britain With Andrew Marr, BBC 2011
If you stay here much longer, you’ll go home with slitty eyes. Prince Philip to British student in China 1986
Harry’s Racist Video Shame. Royal Babylon: The Criminal Record of the British Monarchy ***** newspaper headline, 2012
Because a man has a black face and a different religion from our own, there is no reason why he should be treated as a brute. Edward VII
‘To attempt to explain a system like the unjust and evil system of segregation to a six year old child is a very difficult thing.’ Martin Luther King and the March on Washington, narrator Denzel Washington, BBC 2013
‘The so-called Negro movement is part of the attempted takeover of our country by the lazy, the indolent, the beatniks, the ignorant, and by some misguided religionists and bleeding hearts.’ ibid. Eugene Bull Conner, January 1963, Birmingham Alabama chief rozzer
‘We are confronted primarily with a moral issue: it is as old as the scriptures and is as clear as the American constitution … The proposition that race has no place in American life or law.’ ibid. JFK June 11th 1963
You know my friends, there comes a time when people get tired of being trampled by the iron feet of oppression. There comes a time, my friends, when people get tired of being plunged across the abyss of humiliation, where they experience the bleakness of nagging despair. There comes a time when people get tired of being pushed out of the glittering sunlight of life’s July and left standing amid the piercing chill of an alpine November. There comes a time. Martin Luther King junior, Montgomery Bus Boycott speech December 1955
The only weapon that we have in our hands this evening is the weapon of protest. That’s all. ibid.
The darkness of racial injustice will be dispelled only by the light of forgiving love ... We must in strength and humility meet hate with love. Martin Luther King junior
Let us not wallow in the valley of despair. I say to you today, my friends, that in spite of the difficulties and frustrations of the moment, I still have a dream. It is a dream deeply rooted in the American dream. I have a dream that one day this nation will rise up and live out the true meaning of its creed: ‘We hold these truths to be self-evident: that all men are created equal’. I have a dream that one day on the red hills of Georgia the sons of former slaves and the sons of former slaveowners will be able to sit down together at a table of brotherhood. I have a dream that one day even the state of Mississippi, a state, sweltering with the heat of injustice, sweltering with the heat of oppression, will be transformed into an oasis of freedom and justice. I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character. I ... have a dream that one day, down in Alabama, with its vicious racists, with its governor having his lips dripping with the words of interposition and nullification – one day right there in Alabama little black boys and black girls will be able to join hands with little white boys and white girls as sisters and brothers. I have a dream today. I have a dream that one day every valley shall be exalted, every hill and mountain shall be made low, the rough places will be made plain, and the crooked places will be made straight, and the glory of the Lord shall be revealed, and all flesh shall see it together. This is our hope. This is the faith with which I return to the South. With this faith we will be able to hew out of the mountain of despair a stone of hope. With this faith we will be able to transform the jangling discords of our nation into a beautiful symphony of brotherhood. With this faith we will be able to work together, to pray together, to struggle together, to go to jail together, to stand up for freedom together, knowing that we will be free one day ...