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World War II & Second World War (IV)
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★ World War II & Second World War (IV)

The Americans carried out a top secret investigation into the sex life of Adolf Hitler.  This film tells the story of the Allied secret sex files on the Nazis.  Secret History s7e6: Sex and the Swastika, Channel 4 1999 

 

The PWE [Political Warfare Executive] used a variety of techniques to disseminate its black propaganda.  ibid.  

 

The PWE had a team of researchers based in Switzerland.  ibid.

 

The government was split over the use of obscenity.  ibid.

 

The [radio] station broadcast a mixture of sex and scandal about top Nazis.  ibid.

 

 

For nine days in the spring of 1940 this beach was the last refuge for hundreds of thousands of British soldiers.  Secret History s17e1: Dunkirk: The New Evidence, Channel 4 2017

 

Trapped by Hitler’s forces and bombed by German aircraft there seemed no escape.  ibid.

 

The most audacious rescue in British history.  ibid.

 

 

Could Hitler have been stopped?  Could the Second World War have been prevented by bolder and more assertive action?  Need Britain have fought the Second World War at all?   Hitler: Could He Have Been Stopped? I, 5 Select 2023 

 

‘I don’t believe that anything is inevitable.  And yet, at the same time, it was going to be extremely difficult to have stopped Hitler once he had come to power.’  ibid.  Tim Bouverie

 

‘There is nothing inevitable about the period from 1933 up to 1939.’  ibid.  Professor John Bew

 

‘If you want to know whether a war with Hitler was always going to happen, the answer is yes.  Was Britain involved in it?  That is Britain’s choice.’  ibid.  Professor John Charmley

 

There is a powerful argument made that appeasement in the 1930s gave Great Britain the time to rearm and to build the Spitfires and Hurricanes that were going to win the Battle of Britain and eventually with help from the Empire, the United States and Russia, to win the Second World War.  There was a counter-argument that Chamberlain and his government of appeasement were in retrospect both weak and deluded.  But there is another perhaps more accurate narrative that British politicians under the influence of public opinion failed to understand to facts that Hitler was determined of war.  ibid.

 

‘We made a big error in implementing the Treaty of Versailles.’  ibid.  Frank McDonough   

 

Nothing was done when Hitler invaded the Rhineland … Czechoslovakia was betrayed at Munich  ibid.    

 

‘The more Hitler had dealings with Chamberlain, the more contempt he felt for him.’  ibid.  Professor Sir Richard Evans    

 

Britain had changed its opinion.  The reluctance of Britain and France to make an alliance with Russia … led Stalin and his new Foreign Minister Molotov to see that Russia’s interests lay in a treaty with Hitler.  ibid.    

 

Chamberlain’s policy of appeasement had completely failed and he was forced to resign.  ibid.  

 

 

By standing alone in 1940 and the first half of 1941 Britain however denied Hitler the victory, and this is the crucial point.  Had Britain come to the peace table after the fall of France or refused to fight … then there is no doubt in my mind that we would be looking back upon decades of a continent, indeed perhaps a world, which had been dominated by the Nazi regime.  Hitler: Could He Have Been Stopped? II  

 

If Hitler had Europe, Britain could have its empire.  ibid.  

 

‘The discussions that then took place about peace in May 1940 were an absolutely crucial moment in British history.’  ibid.  Andrew Roberts    

 

‘In the debate in Churchill’s cabinet it’s Chamberlain who comes to his defence and he turns against his old friend Halifax.’  ibid.  Professor Frank McDonough  

 

Then an extraordinary error of judgement: Hitler declared war on Russia.  ibid.  

 

Britain was now part of a world war it was ill equipped to fight.  ibid.

 

‘Fighting a war of limited liability helped the British.’  ibid.  Professor Frank McDonaugh   

 

War debts to the United States were not paid off until 2008.  ibid.   

 

 

Germany 1941: In just a few weeks Hitler has defeated France.  His occupation now spans half of Europe.  He is at the peak of his power.  Apocalypse: Hitler Takes on the East I: Conquering Living Space, National Geographic 2023    

 

Hitler wants to conquer the east.  To give the Germans what he refers to as Lebensraum  Living Space.  ibid.           

 

In the spring of 1941 Hitler assembles his great army: 3 million German soldiers and 700,000 men from countries allied to the Reich.  ibid.

 

Russian soldiers: There are 3 million of them.  ibid.  

 

June 22 1941 3 a.m. without a declaration of war, the Barbarossa plan goes into action.  ibid. 

 

Immediately, the hunt for the Jews begins.  ibid.   

 

One and a half million men, women and children are killed in this holocaust by bullets.  ibid.  

 

 

On 6th September 1941 Hitler issues his directive #35 under the codename Typhoon.  And so begins the attack on Moscow.  Apocalypse: Hitler Takes on the East II: The Decisive Fight      

 

Moscowvites take cover in the subway, the world’s most beautiful subway.  ibid.  

 

The Russians surround the Germans again.  And sweep away Hitler’s allies.  ibid.  

 

The Germans have run out of everything.  ibid.  

 

 

What really happened to the lost gold of World War II?  History’s Greatest Mysteries s4e23: The Lost Gold of WWII, History 2024  

 

The value of what’s estimated of what the Japanese looted is between $60-100 billion.  ibid.  

 

 

In 1939 Europe is at war when an obscure Canadian businessman sets out to change the world.  His name is William Stephenson, one of the 20th century’s greatest spymasters.  Shadow Man, History 2024

 

‘A sort of a self-invented private intelligence person with a personal network which is of value to Britain’s intelligence line-up during the early days of World War II.’  ibid.  

 

MI6: Stephenson agrees to work covertly for the spy agency gathering whatever intelligence he can on the fearsome Nazi war machine.  ibid.

 

 

The Gestapo has been ordered to seize and execute 310 hostages.  Play for Today: A Choice of Evils by Jim Allen, BBC 1977

 

Any intervention on our part would cause the Germans to re-examine their attitude to us and threaten the territorial rights of the Vatican.  ibid.  Papal intermediary to Cardinal Volponi

 

 

 

An estimated 60 million lives were lost during World War II, the most destructive conflict in human history.  Hitler and the Nazis: Evil on Trial I: Origin of Evil, caption, Netflix 2024

    

The historic Nuremberg Trial marked the first time national leaders were prosecuted by an international tribunal for war crimes.  ibid.

 

And not only the German leaders had no sense of responsibility, there was not a word said by any of them when they were arrested of being sorry for their crimes.  ibid.  William Shirer    

  

How quickly they have become broken miserable men.  ibid.

 

Germany in 1918 is turned into a liberal democracy.  ibid.  historian  

 

Hitler suddenly revealed a ferocious energy and drive.  All the warped ideas which had been bubbling in his strange mind since the lonesome days of hunger in Vienna now found an outlet.  ibid.  Shirer  

 

He talks about making Germany great again.  ibid.  historian  

 

For Hitler, war was not an if, but when.  ibid. 

 

He [Shirer] starts to question how this mass movement came about and how it captured the German people so effectively.  Hitler and the Nazis: Evil on Trial II: The Third Reich Rises

 

The Weimar Republic was a progressive liberal democracy.  ibid.  historian  

 

The Hitler myth: this was the idea that Germany needed a saviour.  ibid.

 

And it is this common ground between the traditional right and the new far right that helps bring the Nazis into power.  ibid.  

 

I have set myself a goal: namely to sweep the 30 political parties out of Germany.  ibid.

 

To my surprise I found that few Germans seemed to mind that their individual liberties had been taken away, and they seemed strangely unaware of how Hitler was tricking them.  ibid.  Shirer       

 

The Night of the Long Knives was a turning point in the history of Nazi Germany.  ibid.  historian  

 

Triumph of the Will opens with Hitler flying above the clouds and descending to Nuremberg.  ibid.  

 

They easily believed anything he [Hitler] said.  ibid.  Shirer   

 

 

 

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