How long do you think you can hold out? Play for Today: United Kingdom by Jim Allen, Dennis to Kath, BBC 1981
We’re in a fight. There’s no turning back … We’ve put the skids of the commissioner. We’ve blocked the rent increase. We’ve carried the unions with us. We’re looking for national support now. ibid. activist Peter
Let’s get rid of the myth – dishonorary enclave – the public spending is bad and the private spending is good. ibid.
The main burden will fall under the police themselves. ibid. Home Secretary to rozzers’ meeting
Those who have a duty to lead the nation – like us. ibid. Chief Constable
We the police are in control and we intend to remain in control. ibid.
We are here fighting cuts that didn’t start under a Conservative government. ibid. protest meeting
Special Patrol Group … you’ll probably see them again today. ibid. rebel rozzer to Peter
It’s all gone political. Far too political for my liking … Riot shields, helmets with bloody visors on ... ibid.
Attempts to impose a rent rise for council homes in the 1970s led to a famous rebellion by left-wing councillors in Derbyshire. The issues at stake continue to resonate today, writes Jules Birch
This Saturday (tomorrow) marks the 50th anniversary of legislation that triggered one of the most famous rebellions in the history of housing – and it is a story with a contemporary twist.
1 October 1972 was the date that ‘fair’ rents were imposed on council housing by Edward Heath’s Conservative government. Under the Housing Finance Act 1972, all local authorities were forced to increase their rents by £1 a week (around 50%).
Many in England, Wales and Scotland resisted interference by central government in their right to set their own rents. However, threatened with the appointment of a housing commissioner, all but one eventually complied.
Clay Cross Urban District Council in Derbyshire refused point blank to increase rents that were the lowest in the country at around £1.65 a week.
The Labour-controlled council had a long track record of going its own way and finding loopholes in legislation it did not like. There were rebellions not just over rents, but also over free school milk and pay for council staff.
Led by Dennis Skinner, until he became the MP for nearby Bolsover, Clay Cross Council saw housing as one of its top priorities as it replaced slums that had been built by the mine owners before nationalisation with new council houses at low rents.
As one councillor put it: ‘On this council, we like to think of ourselves as basic socialists. We regard housing here as a social service, not as something the private sector can profit from.’
The council’s policy of subsidising rents from the rates had been overwhelmingly backed by the electorate in a local elections that saw all 11 Labour councillors returned against candidates from the Ratepayers’ Association.
What happened after 1 October is a complex story with lots of twists and turns. For contemporary accounts of what happened, read David Skinner and Julia Langdon’s The Story of Clay Cross or watch the ITV documentary Confrontation at Clay Cross. The Municipal Dreams blog has two good posts on the history of council housing in the town and the rent rebellion itself.
To cut that long story short, the 11 Clay Cross councillors held firm and refused to increase the rent despite legal action by the district auditor.
When a housing commissioner was eventually appointed, the council refused to co-operate, or to give them a desk, a chair or even a pencil. Tenants went on a rent strike and the commissioner left after failing to collect any of the increase.
But the 11 councillors – which included Graham and David Skinner, two of Dennis’ brothers – eventually paid a heavy price for their opposition as they were surcharged and banned from holding public office.
The story of Clay Cross Council itself came to end when it was abolished during the local government reorganisation in 1974 to become part of North East Derbyshire Council.
At a time when we almost take it for granted that central government can use the housing finance system to force councils to do whatever it wants and rents need to be set against business plans, this may seem like a distant world.
The idea of politicians sticking to their principles no matter what makes it seem even more remote and echoes the legendary defiance of Poplar councillors in the rates rebellion of the 1920s. Jules Birch article Inside Housing 1922
This valley is a political frontier. This side: England’s green and pleasant land. That side, what some see as a red and peasant land, the independent republic of Clay Cross … 10 men and 1 woman built a defiant socialist Jerusalem. Take those kids in that school there: Those kids between 7 and 11 get free milk just as if Mrs Thatcher never existed; take that old age pensioner on the pavement there: he gets free television licence; you’ve got a free set, he still gets a free licence; all the corporation workmen who have just had an increase of 33.3% … and the council houses over there – the rent for those is £1.69, which is about half what it would be anywhere else in the country … Confrontation at Clay Cross, Derbyshire, Yorkshire TV 1974
Where 14 pits have shut down in the last 10 years; unemployment has sometimes hit 20% … Miners have no pits to go down. ibid.
The council has said not a penny will go on those rents. ibid.
‘We had a mandate from the electorate.’ ibid. counsellor Skinner